Group+15

//**

Viewers beware you're in for a scare... **// **//with the nitrogen group.//**

​​ **Group 15! ** The Nitrogen Group Elements: **Nitrogen**  **Atomic Number:** 7 **Isotopes:** (14N and 15N) n= 2 l= 1 m1= 1 ms= +1/2 **Where Can Nitrogen Be Found?** **What does it look like? **  
 * Atomic Mass:** 14.007
 * Protons**: 7
 * Neutrons**: 7
 * Electrons:** 7
 * Electron Configuration:** 1s2 2s2 2p3
 * Quantum Numbers:**
 * Who Discovered Nitrogen and When?**
 * found by David Rutherford in 1772
 * Earth's crust
 * <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">the air (nitrogen makes up 78% of the earth's air)
 * <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">in all living organisms
 * <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">colorless gas
 * <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">as a liquid it is clear (very similar to water)
 * <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Uses: **<span style="color: #000080; display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; text-align: left;">
 * <span style="color: #000080; display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; text-align: left;">lightbulbs
 * <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">explosives
 * <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">laughing gas
 * <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">ammonia (as a cleaner and fertilizer) <span style="color: #000080; display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; text-align: left;">
 * <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">liquid nitrogen as a refrigerant for freezing food products and keeping the food cool during transportation

<span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">**Atomic Number**: 15 <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">**Neutrons**: 16 <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">**Quantum Numbers:** n= 3 l= 1 m1= 1 ms= +1/2 <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">**What does it look like?**
 * <span style="color: #f2960d; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 170%;">Phosphorus **
 * Atomic Mass:** 30.974
 * Protons**: 15 [[image:phosphor.gif width="217" height="187" align="right"]]
 * Electrons**: 15
 * Isotopes**: 24P - 46P (31P is stable)
 * Electron Configuration:** <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; line-height: 115%;">1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p3
 * Who Discovered Phosphorus and When?**
 * <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Found by Hennig Brand in 1669
 * <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Where Can Phosphorus Be Found? **
 * <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">It is never found in its pure form--found only as a phosphate
 * <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">some foods (eggs, salmon, cheese, liver) [[image:s7.JPG width="150" height="156" align="right"]]
 * <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">minerals (phosphate rock)
 * <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">50% of global phosphorus are in Arab nations
 * <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">nonmetal
 * <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">as a gas it is colorless
 * <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">as a solid it is a silvery white
 * <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">may also be red depending on how it bonded
 * <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">sometimes appears waxy

<span style="color: #24b2b2; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 154%;">
 * <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Uses: **
 * <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">health of the body especially your bones and teeth
 * <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">fire starter
 * <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">fire stopper
 * <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">lubricants
 * <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">some cleaners
 * <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">water treatment [[image:6F_det_waterproof_matches.jpg width="148" height="148" align="right"]]
 * <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">fertilizer
 * <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">tooth pastes
 * <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">some shampoos (Head & Shoulders)
 * <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">matches
 * <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">pesticides
 * <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">fireworks
 * <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">baking soda

<span style="color: #00ff64; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 140%;">**<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 140%;">Arsenic ** <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;"> <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">**Atomic Number**: 33 <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">**Quantum Numbers:** n= 4 l= 1 m1= 1 ms= +1/2
 * Atomic Mass:** 74.922
 * Protons:** 33
 * Neutrons:** 42
 * Electrons:** 33
 * Isotopes**: 60As - 92As (75As is stable)
 * Electron Configuration:** <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; line-height: 115%;">1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p3 [[image:albertus.jpg width="172" height="181" align="right"]]

<span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;"> <span style="color: #24b2b2; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 50%;">
 * Who Discovered Arsenic and When?**
 * <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Founded by Albertus Magnus in 1250
 * <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Where Can Arsenic Be Found? **
 * <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">groundwater
 * <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">food (vegetables, fish, seafood)
 * <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">minerals (mispickel)
 * <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">earth's crust
 * <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">mainly in France, Germany, Italy, Romania, China, Chile, Mexico (U.S. does not produce arsenic)
 * What does it look like?**
 * <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">silver-gray color
 * <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">brittle
 * <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">crystalline solid
 * <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">often [[image:ArsenicJachymov.jpg width="203" height="143" align="right"]]
 * <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">turns to a white cloud at very high temperatures
 * <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Uses: **
 * <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">alloys for boiler tube making
 * <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">insecticides
 * <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">weed killing
 * <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">semiconductor in the electronics industry
 * <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">cosmetics
 * <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">medicine
 * <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">poisons such as war gases
 * <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">herbacides and wood preservatives

<span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">**Atomic Number**: 51 <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">n= 5 l= 1 m1= 1 ms= +1/2 <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">**What does it look like?** <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">**Uses**: <span style="color: #24b2b2; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 154%;">
 * <span style="color: #c600ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 170%;">Antimony **
 * Atomic Mass**: 121.76
 * Protons**: 51
 * Neutrons**: 71
 * Electrons**: 51
 * Isotopes**: 103Sb - 139Sb (121Sb and 123Sb are stable)<span style="color: #c65de9; font-family: Impact,Charcoal,sans-serif; font-size: 450%;">[[image:antimony2.jpg width="254" height="213" align="right"]]
 * Electron Configuration:** <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; line-height: 115%;">1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p3
 * Quantum Numbers:**
 * Who Discovered Antimony and When?**
 * <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Found by Basil Valentine in 1450
 * <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Where Can Antimony Be Found? **
 * <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">earth's crust
 * <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">mainly the soil
 * <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">low levels found in rivers, streams, and lakes
 * <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">sometimes attaches itself to particles in air
 * <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">silvery-white
 * <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">shiny
 * <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">looks like a metal
 * <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">scaly surface
 * <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">brittle
 * <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">can be a shiny black powder
 * <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">semiconductor in technology
 * <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">increasing the mecahnical strenght and hardness of lead [[image:batteries.jpg width="177" height="138" align="right"]]
 * <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">batteries
 * <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">anitfriction alloys
 * <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">small arms and tracer bullets
 * <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">paints
 * <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">ceramic enamels
 * <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">glass
 * <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">pottery

<span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">**Atomic Number**: 83 <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">n= 6 l= 1 m1= 1 ms= +1/2 <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">**<span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Where Can Bismuth Be Found? **
 * <span style="color: #e14747; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 170%;">Bismuth **
 * Atomic Mass**: 208.98
 * Protons**: 83
 * Neutrons**: 126
 * Electrons**: 83 <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">
 * Isotopes**: 184Bi - 218Bi
 * Electron Configuration**: <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; line-height: 115%;">1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 4f14 5d10 6p3
 * Quantum Numbers:**
 * <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Who Discovered Bismuth and When? **
 * <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Founded by Claude Geoffrey in 1753

<span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;"> <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">**Uses**:
 * <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">minerals
 * <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">rarely in earth's crust
 * <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">It can sometimes be found in its natural state
 * <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">South America
 * <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Bolivia, Peru, Japan, Mexico, Canada, and Australia
 * <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">rarely in U.S.
 * <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">What does it look like? **
 * <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">silvery-white
 * <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">reddish tinged
 * <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">brittle
 * <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">crystalline structure<span style="color: #c65de9; font-family: Impact,Charcoal,sans-serif; font-size: 450%;">[[image:pepto-bismol.jpg width="142" height="177" align="right"]]
 * <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">production of malleable irons
 * <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">catalyst for making acrylic fibres
 * <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">themacouple material
 * <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">carrier for uranium fuel in nuclear reactions
 * <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">fire detection
 * <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">extinguishing systems
 * <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">cosmetics
 * <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">medicines for stomach calmers (Pepto-Bismul actually got its name from Bismuth)

<span style="color: #f89825; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 220%;">

<span style="color: #ff00ce; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 180%;">** About This Periodic Group ** <span style="color: #ff00ce; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 130%;">​ ** Physical Properties ** <span style="color: #ff00ce; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 140%;">**Chemical Properties** <span style="color: #ff00ce; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 110%;">All of the elements have a greatly different variety of what they will and won't react with. <span style="color: #ff00ce; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 140%;">**Periodic Group Trends** <span style="color: #7e14d2; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%;">
 * <span style="color: #7e14d2; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%;">Their appearances can differ greatly since there is a mixture between gases and metals
 * <span style="color: #7e14d2; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%;">Nonmetals
 * <span style="color: #7e14d2; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%;">Nitrogen
 * <span style="color: #7e14d2; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%;">Phosphorus[[image:liquid_nitrogen.jpg width="220" height="181" align="right"]]
 * <span style="color: #7e14d2; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%;">Metalloids (semiconductors)
 * <span style="color: #7e14d2; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%;">Arsenic
 * <span style="color: #7e14d2; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%;">Antimony
 * <span style="color: #7e14d2; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%;">Metal
 * <span style="color: #7e14d2; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%;">Bismuth
 * <span style="color: #7e14d2; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%;">The elements differ in color from the rest of the elements
 * <span style="color: #7e14d2; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%;">Not all of the elements are malleable or ductile
 * <span style="color: #7e14d2; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%;">Bismuth is both malleable and ductile
 * <span style="color: #7e14d2; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%;">Antimony is only malleable
 * <span style="color: #7e14d2; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%;">Arsenic, phosphorus, and nitrogen are neither
 * <span style="color: #7e14d2; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%;">Tendancy to form double and triple covalent bonds
 * <span style="color: #7e14d2; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%;">Biological role each of the elements play
 * <span style="color: #7e14d2; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%;">Nitrogen - proteins
 * <span style="color: #7e14d2; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%;">Phosphorus - DNA and RNA
 * <span style="color: #7e14d2; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%;">Arsenic - ultratrace treatment <span style="color: #c65de9; font-family: Impact,Charcoal,sans-serif; font-size: 450%;">[[image:phosphorus_glow.jpg width="204" height="172" align="right"]]
 * <span style="color: #7e14d2; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%;">Antimony - none
 * <span style="color: #7e14d2; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%;">Bismuth - none
 * <span style="color: #7e14d2; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%;">Reaction element has with air
 * <span style="color: #7e14d2; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%;">Nitrogen - none
 * <span style="color: #7e14d2; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%;">Phosphorus - glows in the dark
 * <span style="color: #7e14d2; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%;">Arsenic - stable
 * <span style="color: #7e14d2; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%;">Antimony - Trioxide antimonyoxide
 * <span style="color: #7e14d2; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%;">Bismuth - Trioxide bismuth oxide
 * <span style="color: #7e14d2; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%;">Reaction element has with water
 * <span style="color: #7e14d2; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%;">Nitrogen - dissolves
 * <span style="color: #7e14d2; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%;">Phosphorus - none
 * <span style="color: #7e14d2; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%;">Arsenic - none
 * <span style="color: #7e14d2; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%;">Antimony - Trioxide antimony oxide
 * <span style="color: #7e14d2; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%;">Bismuth - Trioxide bismuth oxide
 * <span style="color: #7e14d2; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%;">Reaction element has with halogens [[image:antimony_shell.png width="257" height="258" align="right"]]
 * <span style="color: #7e14d2; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%;">Nitrogen - none
 * <span style="color: #7e14d2; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%;">Phosphorus - reacts vigorously with all halogens
 * <span style="color: #7e14d2; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%;">Arsenic - none
 * <span style="color: #7e14d2; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%;">Antimony - reacts with fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine
 * <span style="color: #7e14d2; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%;">Bismuth - reacts with fluorine
 * <span style="color: #7e14d2; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%;">All elements have 5 electrons in their outer most shell
 * <span style="color: #7e14d2; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%;">All elements have p as their last subshell containing 3 electrons
 * <span style="color: #7e14d2; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%;">All elements are solid at 298K (except nitrogen which is a gas at 298K)

<span style="color: #ff0000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 140%;">**<span style="color: #f89825; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 150%;">Want to know more?? ** <span style="color: #ff0000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 130%;">Check these sites out: <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%;">[] []

__**<span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 150%;">Works Cited **__

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